How Esbriet (Pirfenidone) Helps Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients

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Esbriet, commonly known as pirfenidone, is a drug mainly used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disorder that causes the lungs to gradually scar and become difficult to breathe. Esbriet (pirfenidone) has emerged as a crucial medication for treating IPF, aiding in the reduction of the disease’s progression and enhancing patients’ general lung function.

In this blog post, we will discuss Esbriet’s definition, mechanism of action, possible adverse effects, and function in managing IPF.

What is Esbriet (Pirfenidone)?

The drug Esbriet comprises pirfenidone as its active component. This medication was created especially to treat IPF by focusing on the underlying cause of lung scarring. Pirfenidone slows the disease’s progression by combining its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects.

The pharmaceutical company Genentech created pirfenidone, which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) initially authorized for use in the US in 2014 to treat IPF. It has been routinely prescribed to people with IPF to control their condition since it was approved.

How Does Esbriet Work in Treating Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Pirfenidone slows the progression of lung fibrosis in a number of ways:

  • Anti-inflammatory Effects: Esbriet’s anti-inflammatory qualities aid in lowering lung tissue inflammation. Pirfenidone may help stop more lung damage from severe inflammation by regulating the immune response.
  • Fibrosis Inhibition: Esbriet has been demonstrated to prevent the fibrosis process by reducing the formation of collagen and fibroblasts. Pirfenidone helps reduce the growth of lung scar tissue by lowering these variables, which may lessen the intensity of IPF symptoms.
  • Growth Factor Modulation: A number of growth factors, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), are essential for the onset of fibrosis. It has been demonstrated that pirfenidone inhibits the function of these growth factors, which helps to lessen the severe scarring that is a feature of IPF.
  • Antioxidant Properties: Since pirfenidone has antioxidant qualities, it can help the lungs fight off dangerous free radicals, preventing oxidative damage that might otherwise cause more inflammation and scarring.

Benefits of Esbriet for IPF Patients

Esbriet has the power to slow idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clinical trials have demonstrated that it enhances lung function, increases exercise tolerance, and improves the quality of life for individuals with IPF, even though it cannot cure the illness.

Patients treated with pirfenidone in the big clinical trial revealed a slower deterioration in lung function than those treated with a placebo. Benefits of Esbriet for IPF patients include a reduced likelihood of acute exacerbations, which are abrupt, severe flare-ups of IPF that may result in hospitalization or even death.

People with IPF have a better chance of continuing to live an independent lifestyle for longer, thanks to Esbriet, which helps manage symptoms and reduce the disease’s progression.

Esbriet (Pirfenidone) Side Effects

Some of the commonly known Side effects are:

  • Gastrointestinal problems include vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and appetite loss.
  • Liver Issues: Patients are usually monitored for liver function while using Esbriet because it can result in abnormal liver enzymes.
  • Tiredness and lightheadedness
  • Increased skin sensitivity
  • A headache

Patients should discuss adjusting their treatment plan with their healthcare physician if any of these adverse effects worsen or become troublesome.

Who Should Consider Esbriet for Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Not all pulmonary fibrosis patients are candidates for Esbriet, despite the drug’s potential to reduce the disease’s progression. Particular demographics that could profit from Esbriet include:

  • Esbriet may be especially helpful for those with IPF who have been diagnosed and are in the early to moderate stages of the illness.
  • Esbriet might be a good way to help slow the course of IPF and maintain lung function while waiting for a transplant or other treatments if the patient is not a good candidate for one or is waiting for a donor’s lung.
  • Although Esbriet is used for IPF in a variety of age groups, older persons (usually those over 65) may still benefit from the drug, albeit there are some things to keep in mind.

Esbriet Dosage Guidelines:

As an oral drug, Esbriet is usually administered as pills or capsules. The medication is advised to be taken with food to help lower the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. To aid in the body’s adjustment to the drug, Esbriet’s dosage often starts low and increases gradually over a few weeks.

Usually, 267 mg three times a day is the initial dose, which is subsequently raised in steps. For the majority of people, 801 mg three times a day is the recommended dosage. Patients should not change their dosage without first consulting a physician and should adhere to the precise Esbriet dosage guidelines provided by their doctor.

Tips for Managing Esbriet Side Effects

Here are some helpful hints to help you or a loved one deal with Esbriet side effects if you or they are taking Esbriet:

  • Reducing gastrointestinal irritation can be achieved by taking medicine with food. Additionally, eating smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day can help with digestion and reduce nausea.
  • Ensure you are getting adequate sleep each night. In addition to being essential for general health, sleep can help combat fatigue. Take quick naps during the day to recharge if necessary.
  • Even on overcast days, wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 whenever you go outside. After swimming or perspiring, or every two hours, reapply sunscreen.
  • Esbriet may have an impact on liver function, thus, it’s critical to keep an eye on liver health while taking the drug.

Dietary Considerations While Taking Esbriet

Some significant dietary factors for Esbriet patients.

  • Esbriet taken with food may reduce the risk of stomach upset. Select foods that are bland, easy to digest, and kind to your stomach, including crackers, white rice, toast, bananas, fish, plain cereals, or oatmeal.
  • Steer clear of irritant foods that are spicy, oily, or fatty, which might make nausea and pain worse.
  • To prevent your stomach from being overloaded, eat little, regular meals instead of big, heavy ones.
  • Drink lots of water throughout the day, and if you have diarrhea, you may also want to consume electrolyte-replenishing beverages, like sports drinks with potassium and sodium or oral rehydration solutions.
  •  It’s highly recommended to avoid alcohol while taking this medication.

FAQs:

1. How long does it take for Esbriet to show results?

The effects of Esbriet (pirfenidone) could not be apparent for several months. It slows the advancement of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), although it may take three to six months of regular treatment before its full effects become apparent. 

2. Does Insurance cover Esbriet (Pirfenidone)?

Yes, most insurance plans cover Esbriet (pirfenidone), especially for patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, coverage can vary based on the plan, location, and specific policy. It’s important to check with your insurance provider to confirm details about coverage, co-pays, and any potential requirements for approval.

3. Can I take Esbriet with other medications?

Although Esbriet (pirfenidone) can be taken with other medications, it’s best to speak with your doctor before taking it. Esbriet may interact with some drugs, which could reduce its efficacy or increase its adverse effects. You can get advice on safe medication combinations from your healthcare provider.

4. What foods should I avoid while taking Esbriet?

With Esbriet alcohol (liver issues), spicy or greasy foods (to ease gastrointestinal distress), and high-caffeine beverages (which can exacerbate side effects like nausea) should be strictly avoided. Limit processed or high-sugar foods to promote general health, and always seek your doctor’s advice for specific dietary recommendations.

5. How should Esbriet be stored?

Store Esbriet (pirfenidone) at room temperature, between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C), in a dry location away from heat, moisture, and direct sunlight, and keep the drug out of children’s reach.

6. What precautions should I take while on Esbriet?

You should regularly check your liver enzymes while using Esbriet (pirfenidone) by monitoring your liver function. Wear protective clothes and sunscreen because Esbriet makes you more sensitive to the sun. To assist in controlling gastrointestinal side effects, drink a lot of water. Steer clear of alcohol. Report Side Effects: Let your physician know if you experience any odd side effects, such as rashes, nausea, or exhaustion. Before beginning a new medication, discuss any potential interactions with your doctor.

References:

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) Treatment | Esbriet® (pirfenidone)

Genentech: Esbriet® (pirfenidone) – Information for Patients